Przenoszenie zmienności cen pomiędzy rynkami towarów rolnych i energetycznych – perspektywa rynków europejskich w czasie pandemii COVID-19 i wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53098/wir022023/02Słowa kluczowe:
zmienność cen, przenoszenie zmienności, towary rolne, towary energetyczneAbstrakt
Celem pracy była ocena powiązań w zakresie zmienności cen pomiędzy pięcioma rynkami terminowymi z giełd Euronext i ICE: pszenicy, kukurydzy, rzepaku, ropy Brent i gazu ziemnego w okresie styczeń 2017–styczeń 2023, a w szczególności wskazanie rynków będących dominującym źródłem zmienności wśród rozpatrywanych. Do przeprowadzenia tej oceny zastosowano indeks przenoszenia zmienności Diebolda-Yilmaza bazujący na uogólnionej dekompozycji wariancji błędu prognozy oraz jego rozszerzenie w dziedzinie częstotliwości Baruníka-Křehlíka. Okres od wybuchu pandemii COVID-19 do początku 2023 r. wiąże się ze wzrostem zmienności cen na rynkach żywności i energii. W czasie pandemii COVID-19 efekt przenoszenia zmienności pomiędzy rynkami był dwukrotnie silniejszy niż w latach 2017–2019, a podczas wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej trzykrotnie. Główne źródło szoków rynkowych w okresie rozprzestrzeniania się wirusa SARS-CoV-2 stanowił rynek rzepaku, podczas gdy w czasie działań wojennych w Ukrainie rolę tę przejął rynek pszenicy. Zmienność nie była przenoszona natychmiastowo, dając tym samym szansę na wdrożenie procedur zarządzania ryzykiem, które łagodziłyby wpływ szoków pochodzących z jednego rynku na pozostałe.
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